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circumpolar peoples
Circumpolar peoples is an umbrella term for the various indigenous peoples of the Arctic.
==Prehistory==
The earliest inhabitants of North America's central and eastern Arctic are referred to as the Arctic small tool tradition (AST) and existed c. 2500 BC. AST consisted of several Paleo-Eskimo cultures, including the Independence cultures and Pre-Dorset culture.〔Gibbon, pp. 28–31〕 The Dorset culture (Inuktitut: ''Tuniit'' or ''Tunit'') refers to the next inhabitants of central and eastern Arctic. The Dorset culture evolved because of technological and economic changes during the period of 1050–550 BC. With the exception of the Quebec/Labrador peninsula, the Dorset culture vanished around 1500 AD.〔Gibbon, pp. 216–217〕 Supported by genetic testing, evidence shows that Dorset culture, known as the Sadlermiut, survived in Aivilik, Southampton and Coats Islands, until the beginning of the 20th century.
Dorset/Thule culture transition dates around the 9th–10th centuries. Scientists theorize that there may have been cross-contact of the two cultures with sharing of technology, such as fashioning harpoon heads, or the Thule may have found Dorset remnants and adapted their ways with the predecessor culture.〔Gibbon, p. 218〕 Others believe the Thule displaced the Dorset.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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